์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ ํžˆ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ

์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ

โ–  1908๋…„: ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ ํ˜ˆ์•กํ•™ํšŒ์—์„œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์กฐ์งํ•™์ž์ธ ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ๋ง‰์‹œ๋ชจ(Alexander Maksimov, 1874โ€“1928)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐํ˜ˆ๋ชจ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ์˜€๋‹ค.
โ–  1968๋…„: ๋‘ ์ž๋งค๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณจ์ˆ˜์ด์‹ ์ตœ์ดˆ ์‹œํ–‰.
โ–  1978๋…„: ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ œ๋Œ€ํ˜ˆ์—์„œ ์กฐํ˜ˆ๋ชจ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ.
โ–  1981๋…„: ์ฅ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์•„์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ๋งˆํ‹ด์—๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ๊ฒŒ์ผ R. ๋งˆํ‹ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ถ€์„ธํฌ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์œ ๋„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ์ผ ๋งˆํ‹ด์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ‘๋ฐฐ์•„์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ’๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  1996๋…„: ๋ณต์ œ์–‘ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ๊ณต
โ–  1997๋…„: ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์กฐํ˜ˆ๋ชจ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ณ , ์•” ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฆ๋ช…์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  1998๋…„: ์œ„์Šค์ฝ˜์‹ -๋งค๋””์Šจ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์ œ์ž„์Šจ ํ†ฐ์Šจ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฐฐ์•„์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  2004๋…„: ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž, ํ™ฉ์šฐ์„ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋‚œ์ž์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฐ์•„์ค„๊ธฐ ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ์ด์Šˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  2006๋…„: ‘Cell’์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์žก์ง€์—์„œ ์‹ ์•ผ ์•ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜์นด ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์™€ ์นด์ธ ํ† ์‹œ ํƒ€์นดํ•˜์‹œ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ‘์ฅ์˜ ๋งŒ๋Šฅ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ ์œ ๋„’๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  2006๋…„: ์˜๊ตญ ๋‰ด์บ์Šฌ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ œ๋Œ€ํ˜ˆ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  2007๋…„: ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์•ˆํ† ๋‹ˆ ์•Œํƒ€๋ผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜์— ์›จ์ดํฌํฌ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์–‘์ˆ˜์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ์จ ๋ฐฐ์•„์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
โ–  2012๋…„ : ์•ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜์นด ์‹ ์•ผ์™€ ์กด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์ด โ€˜์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠนํ™”๋œ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ฒด์˜ ์„ธํฌ ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ฑ์ˆ™ ์„ธํฌ๋กœ ์žฌํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ(iPS)โ€™ํ•œ ๊ณต๋กœ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ฒจ ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™โ€ข์˜ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Stem Cell Timeline

Source:http://gladstoneinstitutes.org

stem_cell_timeline
1.Gurdon, JB, Elsdale TR, Fischberg M. Sexually mature individuals of Xenopus laevis from the transplantation of single somatic nuclei. Nature 182: 65โ€“65. 1958.
2.Till J, McCulloch E. A direct measurement of the radiation sensitivity of normal mouse bone marrow cells. Radiation Research 14 (2): 213โ€“222, 1961.
3.Jaenisch R, Mintz B. Simian virus 40 DNA sequences in DNA of healthy adult mice derived from preimplantation blastocysts injected with viral DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71(4): 1250โ€“1254, 1974.
4.Evans M, Kaufman M. Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. Nature 292 (5819): 154โ€“156, 1981.
5.Martin G. Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78 (12): 7634โ€“7638, 1981.
6.Campbell KHS, McWhir J, Ritchie WA, Wilmut I. Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line. Nature 380 (6569): 64โ€“66, 1996.
7.Jones J, Marshall V, Swiergiel J, Waknitz M, Shapiro S, Itskovits-Eldor J, Thomson J. Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 282 (5391): 1145โ€“1147, 1998.
8.Takahashi K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 126: 663โ€“676, 2006.
9.Takahashi K, Tanabe K, Ohnuki M, Narita M, Ichisaka T, Tomoda K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell 131: 861โ€“872, 2007.
10.Nakagawa M, Koyanagi M, Tanabe K, Takahashi K, Ichisaka T, Aoi T, Okita K, Mochiduki Y, Takizawa N, Yamanaka S. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells without Myc from mouse and human fibroblasts. Nat Biotechnol 26: 2008, Epub 2007 Nov 30.
11.Yu J, Vodyanik M, Smuga-Otto K, Antosiewicz-Bourget J, Frane J, Tian S, Nie J, Jonsdottir G, Ruotti V, Stewart R, Slukvin I, Thomson J. Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science 318: 1917-1920, 2007. Epub Nov 2007.
12.Hanna J, Wernig M, Markoulaki S, Sun CW, Meissner A, Cassady CP, Beard C, Brambrink T, Wu LC, Townes TM, Jaenisch R. Treatment of sickle cell anemia mouse model with iPS cells generated from autologous skin. Science 318(5858): 1920-1923, 2007.
13.Wernig M, Zhao JP, Pruszak J, Hedlund E, Fu D, Soldner F, Broccoli V, Constantine-Paton M, Isacson O, Jaenisch R. Neurons derived from reprogrammed fibroblasts functionally integrate into the fetal brain and improve symptoms of Parkinsonโ€™s disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105(15): 5856-5861, 2008.
14.Okita K, Nakagawa M, Hyenjong H, Ichisaka T, Yamanaka S. Generation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells without viral vectors. Science 322 (5903): 949-953, 2008.
15.Vierbuchen T, Ostermeier A, Pang ZP, Kokubu Y, Sudhof TC, Wernig M. Direct conversion of fibroblasts to functional neurons by defined factors. Nature 463 (7284): 1035-41. Epub 2010 Jan 27.
16.Ieda M, Fu J, Delgado-Olguin P, Vedantham V, Hayashi Y, Bruneau B, Srivastava D. Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by defined factors. Cell 142: 375-386, 2010.
17.Szabo E, Rampalli S, Risueno R, Schnerch A, Mitchell R, Fiebig-Comyn A, Levadoux-Martin M, Bhatia M. Direct conversion of human fibroblasts to multilineage blood progenitors. Nature 468: 521-526, 2010.
18.Zhu S, Li W, Zhou H, Wei W, Ambasudhan R, Lin T, Kim J, Zhang K, Ding S. Reprogramming of human primary somatic cells by OCT4 and chemical compounds. Cell Stem Cell 7:651โ€“655, 2010.
19.Ambasudhan R, Talantova M, Coleman R, Yuan X, Zhu S, Lipton S, Ding S. Direct reprogramming of adult human fibroblasts to functional neurons under defined conditions. Cell Stem Cell 9: 113-118, 2011.
20.Qian L, Huang Y, Spencer CI, Foley A, Vedantham V, Liu L, Conway SJ, Fu JD, Srivastava D. In vivo reprogramming of murine cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes. Nature 485: 593โ€“8, 2012.
21.The HD iPSC Consortium. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Patients with Huntingtonโ€™s Disease Show CAG-Repeat-Expansion-Associated Phenotypes. Cell Stem Cell 11:264-278, 2012.
22.http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120613p2a00m0na005000c.html
23.Ring KL, Tong LM, Balestra ME, Javier R, Andrews-Zwilling Y, Li G, Walker D, Zhang WR, Kreitzer AC, Huang Y. Direct reprogramming of mouse and human fibroblasts into multipotent neural stem cells with a single factor. Cell Stem Cell 11: 100-9, 2012.
24.Tomoda K, Takahashi K, Leung K, Okada A, Narita M, Yamada NA, Eilertson KE, Tsang P, Baba S, White MP, Sami S, Srivastava D, Conklin BR, Panning B, Yamanaka S. Derivation conditions impact x-inactivation status in female human induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 11: 91-9, 2012.

Leave a reply

You must be logged in to post a comment.