ALL STEM CELLS

The randomized clinical trial (RCT) compared two groups:

MSC Group: 74 patients who received MSC infusions every two weeks starting 45 days after haploidentical HSCT, for a total of four times, along with the standard GVHD prophylaxis regimen.
Control Group: 74 patients who only received the standard GVHD prophylaxis regimen without MSC treatment.
The primary outcome measured was the 2-year estimated cumulative incidence of severe chronic GVHD, which was graded by the 2014 US National Institutes of Health consensus criteria for organ scoring and the global assessment of GVHD.

Findings:

Early repeated infusions of MSCs decreased the incidence of severe chronic GVHD after HSCT.
The MSC group showed a significantly lower cumulative incidence of severe chronic GVHD (5.4%) compared to the control group (17.4%).
The Hazard Ratio (HR) was 0.29, indicating a 71% reduction in the risk of developing severe chronic GVHD with MSC treatment compared to the control.
The p-value was 0.03, suggesting that the results were statistically significant.
The graphic illustrates the difference in the cumulative incidence of severe chronic GVHD over time post-transplant between the two groups, with the MSC group having a notably lower incidence rate.

The information in the image emphasizes the potential benefit of mesenchymal stem cell infusions in reducing severe chronic GVHD in patients undergoing haploidentical HSCT, which can be a serious complication post-transplant.